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G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev are conferred with World Endocrinology Research Award-2015 in Veterinary Science
07 May, 2015, India, USA NEWS CORP
G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev rock the world of Veterinary Science, while International Media reports confirmed their recognition on World’s 500 Most Influential Veterinologists for Year 2015 on Earth. G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev are awarded with World Endocrinology Research Award-2015 in Veterinary Science. In a high profile international competition flooded with thousands of participants from several countries, India has once again proved it’s leadership in the area. G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev won the meritorious competition and established the international leadership in Veterinary Science. International Agency for Standards and Ratings expressed it’s views that G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev’s efforts will explore tremendous opportunities in this segment leading it to new height. It is surely a matter of pride for civilians of India to have such brain storming intellectuals for close interaction. India has once again confirmed a rich tradition to produce world renowned intellectuals to benefit international society.
G. Maheswarudu is Principal Scientist & Head at Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, India.
U. Rajkumar is Principal Scientist at Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, India.
Miriam Paul Sreeram is Scientist at PIM Unit, ICAR, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India.
M.S. Chakravarty is Professor at Department of Marine Living Resources, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.
C.K. Sajeev is Assistant Chief Technical Officer at MRC of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mumbai, India.
G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev from India made a historical victory over the international competition and won World Endocrinology Research Award-2015 in Veterinary Science. Their research was highlighted in international media and gathered a large worldwide attention in scientific circles while it appeared in world's most read journal 'The Journal of Veterinary Science'. In their report on Effect of Testosterone Hormone on Performance of Male Broodstock of Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798 they mention that In domestication and development of captive broodstock of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon mating failures due to poor performance of male brood stock. To overcome this drawback the effect of the testosterone hormone on the performance of male broodstock was evaluated by injecting the hormone at the rate of 5 µg/g. body weight at 5 days interval in test group against control group for a period of 120 days. In both groups male and female were stocked at 1:1 ratio, each animal was tagged and marked, and were fed with clam and squid meat. Mating success, spermataphore structure and duration of moult cycle were observed and compared between two groups. In test group; mating success/animal in females was significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced (65±17.46% versus 47.4±19.49%); spermatophores were solid and intact than those of soft with fluid material in control group; mean moulting period/ animal of males significantly (P < 0.01) reduced (20.85±2.37days versus 26.2±4.25 days). Histological study revealed that the effect of the hormone on Androgenic gland and Y-organ was significant with the hypertrophy of cell and accumulation of secretory globules, respectively. Thus the present study suggests that mating success can be enhanced in tiger shrimp domestication programme through inducing males by hormone for achieving selective breeding between desired/ targeted families/groups. Under their leadership the research area is surely likely to expand beyond the horizons. It will be worthy to explore the further potential under their legacy. G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev as valuable intellectuals for the India offer exclusive opportunities for scholars around the world. One of the most attractive weightage for India is to have the awardees for promotion of the concerned scientific discipline for the benefit of its civilians. Thus India which has excellent track record to produce brain storming intellectuals, has offered a new extension in terms of G. Maheswarudu, U. Rajkumar, Miriam Paul Sreeram, M.S. Chakravarty and C.K. Sajeev to world.
The present study is suggesting that the hormone is stimulating (Androgenic gland) sexual activity initially for 60 days and then enhancing the growth by stimulating (Y-organ) the moulting pattern especially during second part of experiment. Hence it is advisable to use testosterone hormone to enhance reproductive performance in male tiger shrimp to achieve mating success between desired families/ groups in domestication programme.
As the corresponding author experienced mortality of male broodstock when hormone was injected at 10 µg/g.body weight for F3 generation males for inducing spermatogenesis in domestication programme of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of testosterone hormone on reproductive performance of male broodstock by injecting hormone at 5 µg/g. body weight. However, efforts can be made to evaluate the effect of hormone at different rates.
Histological study reveals that hormone stimulates Androgenic gland to release Androgenic hormone; and also stimulates Y-organ to release moulting hormone (Ecdysteroid). However, the activity and secretary pathways of the hormonal effect on reproduction and moulting needs to be investigated by isolation of the hormone in tissues of targeted organs at different levels of activity by hormonal assay. Histological study reveals that the hormone is stimulating the Androgenic gland to release Androgenic hormone that induces sperm development and subsequent mating success. To confirm whether testosterone hormone directly acting on Androgenic gland or indirectly acting by acting on thoracic gangilia and brain to release gonad stimulating hormone that induces Androgenic gland to release Androgenic hormone further studies are needed. Though the present study was aimed at enhancement of mating success by usage of testosterone hormone the results besides fulfilling the aimed objective, suggests that when hormone is used for prolonged period of 120 days it promotes moulting reducing moulting period duration during second part of the experiment, scoping the possibility to promote growth by employing hormone. Further studies are needed to exploit the beneficial effects of this new venture. Histological study reveals that the hormone is stimulating the Y-organ to release ecdysteroids that induces moulting. To confirm whether testosterone hormone directly acting on Y-organ or indirectly acting by acting on a group of neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the X-organ sinus gland complex of the eyestalks to reduce the release of moult inhibiting hormone (MIH) that inhibits the moulting process, giving scope to Y-organ to promote moulting process, further studies are needed. These results of the present study are suggesting that testosterone hormone is more effective on Androgenic gland during 1-60 days and on Y-organ during 61-120 days. This type of differential activity of hormone is also evident from histological study that hypertrophied condition of Androgenic gland cells during 6-24 hrs and increased granular secretions in Y-organ during 24-48 hrs. Detailed histological study and hormonal essay are needed to explain the logics behind the intensity of hormonal effect on two targeted organs at different durations.
Though efforts were made by different countries to develop captive broodstock of tiger shrimp but it has not reached commercial level and still shrimp culture industry is awaiting for captive broodstock of tiger shrimp. Advantages and disadvantages of disease resistant broodstock versus sprcific pathogen free brood stock were discussed by Maheswarudu (2007; 2014). More efforts should be made towards development of disease resistant broodstock as it safeguards the industry even at the negligence of biosecurity by shrimp farmers in grow-out sector. Priority should be given to wards development of disease resistant broodstock by allotting adequate funds for concerned research programmes. As domestication programme involves continuous monitoring for prolonged period dedicated research team should be identified before funding the research programmes and due incentives should be granted to the team to encourage team spirit and integrity. The present study, usage of testosterone hormone to enhance mating success; and the study by Maheswarudu and Vineetha (2013), identification of arachidonic acid as shrimp (female) maturation stimulator from littoral oligochaete Pontodrilus bermudensis, will aide to lead the shrimp domestication programme successfully to successive generations for developing captive broodstock with desired traits.
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