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And the Wolff Kishner Research Award-2015 in Analytical Chemistry goes to . . . Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal
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In terms of Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal, India has secured valuable assets for its generations. Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal marked a milestone history while cracking international meritorious competition. India has witnessed World’s 500 Most Influential Chemical Scientists for Year 2015 on Earth in terms of Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal. Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal, given new leadership to world, marked history on international level. Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal is awarded with Wolff Kishner Research Award-2015 in Analytical Chemistry. Outstanding performance and intellectual knowledge is key to success in international meritorious competition. Inspiring celebrity: name in subject attracting millions of followers to transform prosperous country. It is proven that talent can be refined by hard work and determination, despite busy schedule and struggle. It gives immense pleasure to explore the new dimensions of Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal. Photon Foundation acknowledges the contribution towards intellectual knowledge. International Agency for Standards and Ratings is organizing international competition for Academic Excellence Awards- 2016. Millions of Organizations and individual intellectuals are submitting their credentials and achievements to photonjournal@yahoo.com
Dr. A. S. Sarpal completed his master degree (Hons.) in chemistry in 1974 from Punjab University, Chandigarh, India and Ph.D degree in analytical chemistry in 1980 from GNDU, Amritsar, India on a research topic of photochemical reduction of uranyl ion with triphenyl arsine or phosphines.He has been conferred as Fellow, Directorate of Analytical Chemistry, IASR. He has a strong aptitude and passion in unraveling mystery in chemistry by the application of analytical sciences. He joined R&D centre of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., India (Fortune 'Global 500' listing) in 1977 and worked in various research position from 1977 to 2011, and superannuated in the capacity of General Manager. He has a 40 years experience in different discipline of analytical sciences and effective exposure in the characterization of petroleum and related products, bio-fuels, polymers and catalyst by the applications of sophisticated analytical techniques such as FT NMR, FTIR, Gas & Liquid chromatography (GC, GC-MS, HPLC), X-Ray Techniques (XRD & XRF), Electron spectroscopy (TEM, SEM, ESCA) and metal analyses (ICAP, ICP-MS, AAS). He has special interest and in-depth knowledge in the applications of multipulse NMR Techniques (300, 400, 500, 600, 800 MHz). Molecular dynamic studies of lubricant systems for structure-property correlation (viscosity-temperature and viscosity- pressure properties) by NMR and IR techniques have been acclaimed as an effective tool for the development of efficient lubricants. He was responsible for providing analytical research support to the key projects of IndianOil such as development and quality up gradation of fuel range products (Euro III-V), biofuels, specialty products, lubricants including high viscosity index base stocks and high performance additives, polymers and petrochemicals, refinery catalysts and feed stocks for various refinery processes. He has developed new 50 analytical methods, written 200 internal technical reports and published 133 research papers in the reputed journals and conference proceedings. He has also worked at University of Illinois in 2011on a project on biofuels from algae biomasses. He completed research project on study of biodiesel potential of algae and yeast biomass and vegetable oils by analytical techniques in the capacity of research fellow and team leader at the Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMTRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from April 2012 to October 2015. During his research tenure at INMETRO, he developed innovative analytical methods, which proved cost effective and rapid analytical tools for the screening of microalgae strains for the enhancement of biomass and lipid productivity, and monitoring cultivation process for biodiesel and nutritional potential. He is a recipient of National Petroleum Management for Creativity & Innovation Program - Award of excellence, and PCRA energy conservation award for exemplary work in energy conservation, and many best paper presentation awards. He is a member of various academy and scientific bodies/societies and reviewer to many journals.
Current research interests of Dr. Amarjit Singh Sarpal
Presently, he is extensively involved in revealing the compositional aspects of algal/yeast oils cultivated by potential microalgae species by the application of analytical techniques (NMR, IR, MS, GC-MS, ICAP), especially by multipulse high field NMR spectroscopic techniques, at Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMTRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Newly developed direct and convenient methods based on NMR spectroscopic techniques have proved cost effective and rapid analytical tools for the screening of microalgae species/strains for the enhancement of biomasss and neutral lipid productivity, and monitoring cultivation process for biodiesel and nutritional potential. He has developed a ultrasonic extraction method for the efficient extraction of neutral lipids (Triglycerides), which are potential feed stocks for biodiesel production.The detailed component analyses of algal oils, obtained by ultrasonic solvent extraction, such as neutral (mono, di and triglycerides; free fatty acids) and polar (glyceroglyco/phospho) lipids, and their fatty acid profile including n-3 PUFAs (C18:3, C20:5, C22:6) have enabled to explore their biodiesel potential and quality aspects meeting ASTM 6751 specification. The results revealed that biomass and neutral lipids productivity as well as quality and composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid were influenced by nutrient media, microalgae species/strains, source of light and shape of the cultivated system. The developed fast and cost effective analytical strategy based on NMR techniques will facilitate algae cultivators for screening of species and optimization of cultivation parameters to produce a choice of product, biodiesel or nutritional supplement, thus contribute partly in the overall reduction in the cost of production of biodiesel. The microalgae species Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Tetrtaselmis and Spirulina are being studied for enhancement of neutral lipid productivity by utilizing cheaper sources of nutrients.
Analytical strategies integrated with environmental pollution control and co-product development - a cost effective options for biodiesel production from microalgae.
The biodiesel production from microalgae is not cost effective due to energy and infrastructure intensive steps involved in the cultivation, harvesting and oil extraction processes. Higher cost of biodiesel production from microalgae can be more environmentally sustainable, cost-effective, and profitable if combined with processes such as wastewater and flue gas treatment, and pollution control including biological fixation of GHG (CO2 and NOx). The cost can further be reduced by successful development and commercialization of high-value co-products, polymers or pigments, proteins, food supplements EPA/DHA rich oils, and other useful nutraceuticals. Analytical strategies based on NMR developed methods are direct, rapid, cost effective, requires minimum quantity of sample (5 mg of algal oil), and involve concept of green chemistry as analyses is carried out without subjecting to transesterification of microalgae biomasses. The detailed composition of neutral and polar lipids including fatty acid profiles and PUFA can be obtained from a single 1H NMR spectral analyses. The newly developed NMR methods can also be standardized for serial analyses of number of lipid extracts from large number of algae biomasses by the use of auto sampler in the same way as practiced by GC-FID or GC-MS methods, thus contributing immensely in reducing the cost of analyses compared to other techniques. The analyses by NMR methods offer sufficient scope and advantages in situations when large number of samples are generated from various cultivation processes such as kinetic studies, effect of variation in the composition of nutrient media on the lipid productivities, altering the biosynthesis pathways through genetic modification, selection of species or strains for enhancement in the neutral lipid productivities and quality aspects for meeting biodiesel specification or achieving objectives for enhancement of yield of n-3 PUFA products. The developed fast and cost effective analytical strategy will facilitate algae cultivators for screening of species and optimization of cultivation parameters to produce choice of product, thus contribute partly in the overall reduction in the cost of production of biodiesel.
Award winning research paper by IASR published in the Journal Energy Fuels
Biodiesel potential of oleaginous Yeast biomass by NMR Spectroscopic Techniques
The study highlight and offer a great scope for the utilisation of commercial grade glycerine, a by-product of transesterification reaction, for the production of biodiesel. Analytical strategies based on NMR (1H and 13C), IR and GC techniques were developed for the molecular level characterization of soxhlet and ultrasonic solvent extracts of oleaginous yeast biomass samples generated on a lab scale by different bacteria, feed and diverse culture conditions with an objective to explore biodiesel potential.The extraction efficiency of each solvent (cyclohexane, chloroform, methanol) towards extraction of neutral lipids (Total Glycerides, TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) and polar lipids have been determined and compared with regards to the nature of fatty acid components extracted in each solvent fractions. The fatty acid composition of yeast oil extracts has been found to be similar to vegetable oils, mostly rich in C16:0, 18:0 and C18:N (N=1 to 3) fatty acids as indicated by the combined NMR, GC and GC-MS analyses. The analytical protocol developed has established that 1H NMR techniques can be used directly and rapidly without any sample treatment and prior separation to determine total neutral lipid content (TG, FFA), nature of fatty acids/ester, poly unsaturated fatty esters (PUFE), iodine value etc. The results have shown the presence of C18:1 and C18:2 as the predominant unsaturated fatty acid components besides common saturated fatty acids. The content and composition of biomass has been found to be specific to types of yeast and feed (glycerin and sabouraud, 2% glucose/dextrose) used for cultivation. The NMR methods offer great potential for rapid screening of yeast for generation of yeast biomass with desired lipid content, quality and biodiesel potential and value added PUFE keeping in view of the cost economics of overall generation of the biomass. The nature of fatty acid profile, iodine value of neutral lipids in the range of 48.9 to 72.6 g I2/100 g and presence of C18:3 in the range of 1-2.0% show that yeast oils can be considered as promising potential source for the production of biodiesel meeting B100 specification.
Analytical facilities in India and Brazil, where the recipient gained expertise in petroleum and biofuels.
IndianOil is India's flagship national oil company with business interests straddling the entire hydrocarbon value chain – from refining, pipeline transportation and marketing of petroleum products to exploration & production of crude oil & gas, marketing of natural gas and petrochemicals. It is the leading Indian corporate in the Fortune 'Global 500' listing, ranked at the 119 position in the year 2015. IndianOil has a sprawling world-class R&D Centre that is perhaps Asia's finest. This Centre is India's foremost commercial centre of research excellence in the areas of lubricants, refinery processes, pipeline transportation, alternative fuel additives, engine testing, materials sciences and environmental sciences. The Analytical division of IndianOil R&D is equipped with a host of highly sophisticated analytical instruments with highly trained scientific manpower to support the research activities related to the development of key projects of fuels, biofuels, lubricants, catalysts, polymers and petrochemicals. Analytical instruments such as molecular spectroscopy (NMR, IR, Raman, UV, Fluorescence, Mass), Atomic spectroscopy (XRD, XRF, ICAP, ICP-MS, AAS, TEM, SEM, ESCA) and Chromatography (GC, GC-MS, HPLC, SFC) are being used to the development, quality control and commercialization of products related to biotechnology, nano materials, catalysts, polymers & petrochemicals, high performance energy efficient lubricants,novel additives, product meeting Euro IV-VI specification, bitumen and fuel cells.
The Brazil is largest producer of biofuel and world leader in biofuel research and development. In order to support research activities in various discipline of science and technology, most of the federal universities and institutes and research support centre have set up sophisticated analytical instrument facilities. National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO) was created by law in December, 1973, to support Brazilian enterprises, to increase their productivity and the quality of goods and services. Its major task is to improve the quality of life of the ordinary citizen as well as to seek the competitiveness of the economy through metrology and quality. It provides technical support to Conmetro, responsible for establishing the national policies on metrology and quality. The institute is equipped with analytical facilities such as NMR, IR, UV, MS, XRD, ICAP, AAS, TEM, SEM, GC, GC-MS, HPLC etc. which are extensively used in the research areas of metrology and technology of petroleum products, combustion, biofuels, biotechnology, oil and fats, agriculture, microscopy, electronics, electricals, optical, fluids and dynamics etc.
Existing challenges and Opportunities in Analytical Chemistry and message to Global Analytical Chemistry scientists, new innovations, industries, academic institutions and Government funding policies?
Analytical sciences, particularly process analytical technology, has been playing and will continue to play a significant role for the society in terms of improvement in quality of the products and technology, safeguarding ecology and providing safe environment for the existing and future generation. Improvement of detection limits and precise detection of trace organic pollutants of different origin emitted as a result of indiscriminate industrial and human activities, waste water treatment including biofixation of CO2 and NOX, bioremediation of industrial waste, quantification of trace residues of pharmaceuticals, quality up gradation of agricultural products, especially packaged food and genomics and clinical diagnostic. More important contribution would be in the development, commercialization and process control of sustainable environmentally friendly biofuels from algae and cellulosic based biomasses keeping in view of environmental effects of bioenergy production.
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